Temperature Meter

The use of temperature devices in temperature measurement and sensing have made tremendous progress in the last few decades. There are a few types of measurement solutions that you can implement in your projects. The use of thermistors or thermocouples are the two most widely used devices in measurement solutions. The recent decade has seen the use of integrated circuits devices in many temperature control related systems because they are much smaller, provide a more accurate measurement and simpler to be integrated to other digital control devices.

Most of the digital temperature sensor system has a built-in communication bus to enable it to communicate with the master control IC. The most used communication interface is called I2C, a simple bi-directional 2-wire bus that was developed by Philips Semiconductors in the 1980's. Since then, many devices has this built in communication protocol that enables all devices that have this feature to be linked together without any other additional components. The I2C interfacing standard has become a world standard that are used in more than 1,000 integrated circuits.

The I2C standard basically define the start, stop, device selection addressing and data transfer interfacing protocol. The hardware consists of 2 I/O lines called SDA and SCL lines.

START Condition

The Start Data Transfer is initiated when there is a change of state of SDA line from HIGH logic to LOW logic while the SCL line is at HIGH logic. This is the START condition.

STOP Condition

The Stop Data Transfer is initiated when there is a change of state of SDA line from LOW logic to HIGH logic while the SCLline is at HIGH logic. This is the STOP condition.

DATA Transfer Condition

The data transfer is done between the START and STOP conditions with the data being transferred when SCL transition fromLOW to HIGH logic. Data is read when SCL is at HIGH logic. SDA line data will only change when SCL line is at LOW logic.There is no limit to the number of data bytes transferred and is determined by the master device. Acknowledgement of successful transfer of data is done between the master and the slave devices at regular interval.

Digital Temperature Sensor Applications

If you are into designing of thermostat controls for various buildings, industrial controls or home appliances, you maywant to consider using the TMP100 digital temperature sensor from Texas Instruments. This device can be connected tothe microcontroller using the SCL and SDA lines.

The features of the TMP100 sensor include:

    * Low Quiescent standby current of 0.1uA means if you choose a proper microcontroller, the device using battery powered could last for years compared to the use of thermistor.

    * Temperature range from -55 °C to 125 °C.

    * Wide Power supply range from 2.7V to 5.5V.

    * Accuracy of +/- 2.0 °C.

    * Resolution up to 0.0625 ° C.

The typical application of the TMP100 digital temperature sensor is as shown in the diagram below.